Protected folder serial Archives
protected folder serial Archives
How Password Protected Files Can be Hacked
- Programming
- Networking
- How Password Protected Files Can be Hacked
By Kevin Beaver
Do you wonder how vulnerable password-protected word-processing, spreadsheet, and Zip files are when users send them into the wild blue yonder? Wonder no more. Some great utilities can show how easily passwords are cracked. But there are some countermeasures you can take as well. Read on to learn more about both.
How to crack files
Most password-protected files can be cracked in seconds or minutes. You can demonstrate this “wow factor” security vulnerability to users and management. Here’s a hypothetical scenario that could occur in the real world:
Your CFO wants to send some confidential financial information in an Excel spreadsheet to a company board member.
She protects the spreadsheet by assigning it a password during the file-save process in Excel.
For good measure, she uses WinZip to compress the file and adds another password to make it really secure.
The CFO sends the spreadsheet as an e-mail attachment, assuming that the e-mail will reach its destination.
The financial advisor’s network has content filtering, which monitors incoming e-mails for keywords and file attachments. Unfortunately, the financial advisory firm’s network administrator is looking in the content-filtering system to see what’s coming in.
This rogue network administrator finds the e-mail with the confidential attachment, saves the attachment, and realizes that it’s password protected.
The network administrator remembers a great password-cracking tool available from Elcomsoft called Advanced Archive Password Recovery that can help him out so he proceeds to use it to crack the password.
Cracking password-protected files is as simple as that! Now all that the rogue network administrator must do is forward the confidential spreadsheet to his buddies or to the company’s competitors.
If you carefully select the right options in Advanced Archive Password Recovery, you can drastically shorten your testing time. For example, if you know that a password is not over five characters long or is lowercase letters only, you can cut the cracking time in half.
You should perform these file-password-cracking tests on files that you capture with a content filtering or network analysis tool. This is a good way to determine whether your users are adhering to policy and using adequate passwords to protect sensitive information they’re sending.
Countermeasures
The best defense against weak file password protection is to require your users to use a stronger form of file protection, such as PGP, or the AES encryption that’s built in to WinZip, when necessary.
Ideally, you don’t want to rely on users to make decisions about what they should use to secure sensitive information, but it’s better than nothing. Stress that a file encryption mechanism, such as a password-protected Zip file, is secure only if users keep their passwords confidential and never transmit or store them in unsecure cleartext (such as in a separate e-mail).
If you’re concerned about unsecure transmissions through e-mail, consider using a content-filtering system or a data leak–prevention system to block all outbound e-mail attachments that aren’t protected on your e-mail server.
About the Book Author
Kevin Beaver is an independent information security consultant with more than three decades of experience. Kevin specializes in performing vulnerability and penetration testing and security consulting work for Fortune 1000 corporations, product vendors, independent software developers, universities, and government organizations. He has appeared on CNN and been quoted in The Wall Street Journal.
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Protected Folder is a folder / file locker which protects user’s privacy and important data from theft, loss or leaks. To lock folder and file, just drag and drop them into Protected Folder’s safety box and you can hide and protect them from being viewed or modified. Protected Folder is an ideal folder locker if you are concerned with the security of you private or important data.How to Activate
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Install and Activate Without an Internet Connection
Before You Install
Before you run the installer:
Have your File Installation Key and License File handy. You need both these items to perform an off-network installation and activation.
The File Installation Key identifies the products you can install. The License File activates the installation, identifying which products you can run. The administrator contact on the license can retrieve the File Installation Key and License File by going to the License Center at the MathWorks Web site.
Make sure you have the correct permissions to perform the installation. If you have questions about this, ask your system administrator.
Note: While you use an administrator account or root privileges to install the software, you typically do not want to activate the software for a privileged user. Specify the non-privileged end user who will use the software when you activate it. Running MATLAB as a user with administrator privileges or root privileges is not recommended.
Windows Systems — Get the name and password of the administrator account on your computer. The installer modifies the system registry during installation.
Linux Systems — Get the root password. You can install MATLAB software without superuser privileges, however, it limits certain installation options. For example, if you want to setup symbolic links to the command, install product files in a protected folder, or edit the system boot script, you must have superuser status.
Macintosh Systems — Get the name and password of the administrator account on your computer. The administrator account is the user account you set up when you configured your Macintosh system; this is not your MathWorks Account. During installation, you must enter this name and password in the Authenticate dialog box, shown below.
Consider disabling virus-checking software and Internet security applications on your system for the duration of the installation process. These applications can slow down the installation process or cause it to appear unresponsive (or to hang).
If you have an Internet connection, follow the instructions in Install MathWorks Software. MathWorks recommends installing and activating using an Internet connection.
You can use this procedure to install one of the standalone or network license options. If you use this with a network license option, you must specify the License File path and choose whether to configure the license manager. See Install the License Manager on a Server for more information about these additional steps.
Step 1: Start the Installer
The method you use to start the installer depends on your platform.
Windows — Insert the DVD into the DVD drive connected to your system or double-click the installer file you downloaded from the MathWorks Web site. The installer should start automatically.
Macintosh — Insert the MathWorks DVD into the DVD drive connected to your system or download product files from the MathWorks Web site. When the DVD icon appears on the desktop, double-click the icon to display the DVD contents, and then double-click the icon to begin the installation.
Linux — Insert the DVD into the DVD drive connected to your system and execute the following command:
//install &If you are installing from downloaded files, extract the installer from the archive file and execute the installer command:
./installDepending on how your system is configured, you might have to mount the DVD first. Make sure you mount it with execute permissions, as in the following example. Note that the name of the DVD drive might be different on your system.
mount -o exec /media/cdrom0
Step 2: Choose to Install Without Using the Internet
If you do not have an Internet connection, select the Install without using the Internet option and click Next.
Step 3: Review the License Agreement
Review the software license agreement and, if you agree with the terms, select Yes and click Next.
After the installation is complete, you can view or print the license agreement using the file located in the top-level installation folder.
Step 4: Specify the File Installation Key
If you do not have an Internet connection, and choose to install manually, the installer displays the File Installation Key dialog box. A File Installation Key identifies the products you can install.
If you have the key, select the I have the File Installation Key for my license option, enter the File Installation Key, and click Next. The administrator contact on a license can retrieve the File Installation Key from the License Center at the MathWorks Web site.
If you do not have the key, select the I do not have the File Installation Key option and click Next. The installer will provide you with the information you need to get a key.
If You Do Not Have the File Installation Key
The Installation and Activation Next Steps dialog box contains the information you need to retrieve your File Installation Key from the License Center at the MathWorks Web site. This information includes:
Host ID
Release number (for example, R2012b)
Operating system user name (Note that user names are case-sensitive in activation.)
To get your File Installation Key:
Remember the information displayed in this dialog box and click Finish to exit the installer. On Windows and Linux systems, you can click Print to print out the information.
Go to a computer with an Internet connection and log in to your account at the MathWorks Web site.
Visit the License Center and enter the information from this dialog box. MathWorks uses this information to generate a File Installation Key and License File for your license.
Return to your computer and re-run the installer. With the File Installation Key and a License File, you can install and activate the software without an Internet connection.
Step 5: Choose the Installation Type
In the Installation Type dialog box, specify whether you want to perform a Typical or Custom installation and click Next.
Choose Typical if you have an Individual or Group license and do not need to specify which products you want to install and do not need to access any installation options.
Choose Custom if you need to specify which products to install, need access to installation options, or need to install the license manager (network license options only).
If you choose a Typical installation, the installer skips the product selection and installation options steps.
Step 6: Specify the Installation Folder
Specify the name of the folder where you want to install MathWorks products. Accept the default installation folder or click Browse to select a different one. If the folder doesn't exist, the installer creates it.
On Macintosh systems, the installer puts the MATLAB application package, , in the folder, by default.
When specifying a folder name, you can use any alphanumeric character and some special characters, such as underscores. The installer tells you if the name you specified includes any characters that are not permitted in file names. If you make a mistake while entering a folder name and want to start over, click Restore Default Folder. After making your selection, click Next.
Step 7: Specify Products to Install (Custom Only)
If you are performing a custom installation, you can specify which products you want to install in the Product Selection dialog box. This dialog box lists all the products associated with the license you selected or with the Activation Key you specified. In the dialog box, all the products are preselected for installation. If you do not want to install a particular product, clear the check box next to its name.
After selecting the products you want to install, click Next to continue with the installation.
Step 8: Specify Installation Options (Custom Only)
For Custom installations, you can specify several installation options, depending on your platform.
Windows Systems
On Windows, the Installation Options dialog box lets you choose whether to put shortcuts for starting MATLAB software in the Start menu and on the desktop.
After selecting installation options, click Next to proceed with the installation.
Linux Systems
On Linux systems, you can specify whether you want to create symbolic links to the and scripts. Specify a folder to which you have write access and that is common to all your user's paths, such as .
After selecting installation options, click Next to proceed with the installation.
Step 9: Confirm Your Choices and Begin Copying Files
Before it begins copying files to your hard disk, the installer displays a summary of your installation choices. To change a setting, click Back. To proceed with the installation, click Install.
As it copies files to your hard drive, the installer displays a status dialog box to show the progress of the installation.
Step 10: Complete the Installation
When the installation successfully completes, the installer displays the Installation Complete dialog box. In this dialog box, you can choose to activate the software you just installed. You cannot use the software you installed until you activate it. MathWorks recommends activating immediately after installation. Click Next to proceed with activation.
If you choose to exit the installer without performing activation, clear the Activate MATLAB option and click Finish (the button label changes). You can activate later using the activation application.
Step 11: Activate Your Installation
Because you were not logged in to your MathWorks Account during installation, or you started the activation application independently, you must choose whether to activate automatically or manually. Select the Activate manually without the Internet option and click Next.
Step 12: Specify the Path to the License File
To activate without an Internet connection, you must have a License File. The License File identifies which products you can run. The administrator contact on the license can retrieve the License File from the License Center at the MathWorks Web site. Select the Enter the path to the License File option and enter the full path of your License File in the text box (or drag and drop the file) and click Next
If you do not have your License File, select the I do not have a license file option and click Next to get information about how to retrieve a License File.
If You Do Not Have a License File
If you are activating manually and do not have your License File, the License File Retrieval dialog box explains how to get your License File and finish activation. The dialog box displays the information you will need to get your License File, including:
Host ID
Release number (e.g., R2011b)
Operating system user name (Note that user names are case-sensitive in activation.)
Save the information displayed in this dialog box. For example, you can print a copy by clicking Print. Take the information to a computer with an Internet connection and visit the License Center at the MathWorks Web site. MathWorks uses this information to generate a File Installation Key and a License File. You must have this information with you when you return to the computer on which you want to install and activate the software. To exit the activation application, click Finish.
Note: Your installation will not be activated. You cannot run MATLAB until you retrieve your License File. |
Step 13: Complete the Activation
After activating your installation, click Finish to exit the activation process.
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